SUSTAINABLE BIOCOMPOSITES FROM RICE STRAW BONDED WITH POLYVINYL ALCOHOL‒CITRIC ACID‒BASED ADHESIVES FOR FOOD PACKAGING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/JCHEM.2026.v20.i01.p08Keywords:
biocomposite, rice straw, PVOH, citric acid, packagingAbstract
Polysaccharides like cellulose, starch, and chitosan are generally co-polymerized with synthetic polymers to achieve the needed performance for packaging applications. Paddy is a rice-producing crop whose production is strived for throughout the year. Rice straw (RS) is a waste resulting from the rice milling process. RS contains lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Biocomposites of RS cellulose and PVOH can be an environmentally friendly packaging alternative. In this study, the process of making biocomposites from straw and PVOH used the extrusion method and baking process. This research aims to determine the properties of RS, PVOH, and citric acid (CA) to generate biocomposite sheets and determine the characteristics of the mechanical properties of biocomposites with parameters of tensile strength and bonding strength. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR), Fourier Transform Near Infra-Red (FT-NIR), digital microscope, and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) were utilized to characterize the PVOH/CA/RS. FT-IR and FT-NIR showed the presence of an ester group in PVOH/CA/RS, while TGA observed lower degradation temperatures in biocomposites, indicated by the Tonset and Tmax of 216 °C and 320 °C, respectively. Tensile strength and bonding strength of PVOH/CA/RS biocomposite showed a promising value, which is higher than the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), > 1.6 kN/m and > 100 j/m2, respectively. This study suggested that PVOH/CA/RS biocomposite can be developed as sustainable food packaging.
Keywords: biocomposite; rice straw, PVOH, citric acid; packaging
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