IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA BIOAKTIF ANTIMIKROBA DARI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT RIMPANG TEMU TIS (Curcuma soloensis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/JCHEM.2026.v20.i01.p12Abstract
Curcuma soloensis, commonly known as “temu tis”, is one of Indonesia’s medicinal plants containing diverse chemical compounds with potential therapeutic properties. Studies on the antimicrobial compounds of ethyl acetate extract of C. soloensis rhizomes remain limited. This study aims to identify antimicrobial compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of C. soloensis rhizomes. The research workflow involved successive extraction of rhizome powder using ethyl acetate, followed by fractionation through vacuum liquid chromatography, and subsequent separation of bioactive fractions using radial chromatography. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extract and its chromatographic fractions was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Malassezia furfur using the microdilution assay to determine their inhibitory activity. The bioactive compounds were identified using LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The separation of bioactive compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction yielded a yellow-orange solid identified as a phenolic compound of the diketo- and keto-enol-curcumin types. Antimicrobial assays of isolated compounds showed that curcumin exhibited the best activity against C. albicans and M. furfur, with a MIC value of 62.50 μg/mL.
Keywords: Curcuma soloensis, antimicrobial, LC-MS
Abstrak
Temu tis (Curcuma soloensis) termasuk salah satu tanaman obat Indonesia yang memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia yang beragam dan berpotensi sebagai agen terapeutik. Kajian mengenai potensi senyawa bioaktif antimikroba dari ekstrak etil asetat rimpang temu tis belum banyak dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi senyawa yang bersifat antimikroba dari ekstrak etil asetat rimpang temu tis. Tahapan penelitian meliputi ekstraksi serbuk rimpang temu tis dengan etil asetat, selanjutnya difraksinasi meggunakan kromatografi cair vakum, dan pemisahan fraksi aktif dengan kromatografi radial. Uji aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak, fraksi dan isolat dilakukan terhadap bakteri Eschericia coli, Staphyloccoccus aureus serta jamur Candida albicans dan Malassezzia furfur menggunakan metode mikrodilusi. Identifikasi senyawa bioaktif menggunakan Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). Hasil pemisahan senyawa bioaktif dari ekstrak etil asetat rimpang temu tis diperoleh isolat berupa padatan berwarna kuning-jingga dari golongan fenolik dan teridentifikasi sebagai senyawa isomer yaitu diketo- dan keto-enol-kurkumin. Hasil uji antimikroba terhadap senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin memperlihatkan aktivitas terbaik terhadap C. albicans dan M. furfural dengan nilai MIC 62,50 μg/mL.
Kata kunci: Curcuma soloensis, antimikroba, LC-MS
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