Hotelling’s T² Control Chart for Monitoring Correlated Wine Quality in Small-Scale Production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/JMAT.2026.v16.i01.p198Kata Kunci:
Hotelling’s T², Multivariate control chart, Wine quality, Statistical process control, Mahalanobis distance, Small-scale productionAbstrak
Makalah penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan diagram kendali Hotelling’s T² untuk memantau karakteristik mutu yang saling berkorelasi dalam proses produksi anggur skala kecil dengan jumlah sampel terbatas. Analisis dilakukan terhadap data fisikokimia dari 50 sampel anggur merah, yaitu keasaman tetap, keasaman volatil, kadar alkohol, dan gula sisa, untuk menilai stabilitas proses secara multivariat serta membandingkannya dengan diagram kendali univariat Shewhart. Hasil korelasi menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan, termasuk korelasi positif yang relatif tinggi antara kadar alkohol dan gula sisa (r = 0,668) serta korelasi negatif sedang antara keasaman tetap dan keasaman volatil (r = -0,435). Diagram Hotelling’s T² mampu mengidentifikasi empat sampel di luar kendali, sedangkan diagram univariat hanya mendeteksi dua, sehingga gagal menangkap penyimpangan multivariat yang terjadi secara simultan. Selain itu, diagram T² menunjukkan sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi dalam mendeteksi perubahan proses, termasuk pada simulasi pergeseran terkoordinasi sebesar 1,5 sigma yang tidak terdeteksi oleh metode univariat, dengan rasio sampel terhadap variabel sebesar 12,5:1 yang mendukung estimasi kovarians yang andal. Secara keseluruhan, hasil ini menegaskan bahwa Hotelling’s T² lebih efektif dalam mendeteksi penyimpangan proses secara bersama-sama, mengendalikan tingkat kesalahan family-wise, serta memberikan informasi diagnostik yang lebih aplikatif, sehingga menawarkan pendekatan praktis dan berbasis data bagi produsen anggur skala kecil untuk meningkatkan konsistensi produk dan memungkinkan deteksi dini terhadap penyimpangan multivariat meskipun dengan data terbatas.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Alfred Ayo Ayenigba, Deborah Ayomide Adegboye, Dorcas Omobola Folarin, James Serumun Ivande
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