SIMBIOSIS

KEANEKARAGAMAN KERANG (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA) DI KAWASAN SERANGAN, DENPASAR, BALI

2025-04-28T04:15:14+00:00

Throughout the waters of the island of Bali, clam are a very valuable biological resource. The Serangan area in Denpasar, Bali, is one of the areas that has lots of clam which are widely used as food. The objective of this research is to identify clam species found in the Serangan Area, those that are collected for consumption by the community, and to determine the values of diversity index, evenness, and dominance of clams in the Serangan Area. The research stations are divided into three with a distance between stations of 250 m. At each station a transect is made perpendicular to the shoreline with a distance between transects of 10 m. Each transect at the station was made 10 sampling quadrants measuring 50x50 cm. The research results revealed that there were eight species of clams found. Four of these species were commonly collected for consumption by the community, namely Marcia hiantina, Anadara antiquata, Meretrix meretrix, and Pinna muricata. The Marcia hiantina species was the most frequently collected for consumption. The diversity index values fell within the moderate category, ranging from 1.10 to 1.39. The evenness index values were categorized as high, ranging from 0.92 to 1.00, and were supported by low dominance index values ranging from 0.25 to 0.33.

EVALUASI PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT Timbal (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) DI PERAIRAN TELUK BENOA, BALI

2025-04-28T04:35:00+00:00

The waters of Benoa Bay Bali are an area that has dense activity leading to generate pollution, particularly heavy metal pollutant. The objective of this research was to determine the heavy metal pollution, lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in sea water. The content of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in sea water was analysed by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the Pb content in seawater was not detected (ttd), while the Cadmium (Cd) content was detected from station II (0.5797 mg/L) and station III (0.3080 mg/L). The pollution index analysis show that the water quality status of Station I is classified as being in good condition, while stations II and III are classified as being in moderately polluted condition. Te STORET analysis shows that the waters of the Benoa Bay Bali area is classified as lightly polluted category (-8).

AKTIVITAS DAYA HAMBAT DAN ELUSIDASI GOLONGAN SENYAWA EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus ATCC

2025-04-28T04:49:28+00:00

Inappropriate use of antibacterial drugs can cause resistant bacteria. One of the efforts made in reducing the occurrence of resistance is to utilize plants that contain antibacterial compounds, one of which is Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.). This study aims to determine the ability of moringa leaf crude extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC bacteria and the class of compounds contained in moringa leaf extract. Moringa leaf crude extract was macerated with 96% ethanol and tested using the well diffusion method. The concentrations of moringa leaf extract used were 25% (b/v), 15% (b/v), 10% (b/v), 5% (b/v), negative control (96% ethanol), and positive control (ciprofloxacin) and MIC (Minimum Inhibitor Concentration) test. Moringa leaf extract at a concentration of 25% (b/v) was able to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus ATCC bacteria with a diameter of 15.81mm and MIC concentration of 2% (b/v) formed an inhibition zone diameter of 6.17mm. The Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) value of moringa leaf extract against S. aureus ATCC bacteria is 1.68%. Moringa leaf extract contains alkaloid, saponin, steroid, flavonoid, tannin and phenolic compounds.

KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DAN HAMA YANG DITEMUKAN DI PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA XII BANYUWANGI

2025-04-28T05:16:00+00:00

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a commodity that has an important role in economic growth in Indonesia. Cacao cultivation business often experiences various obstacles, such as pest and disease attacks and the use of planting materials that have not been certified. The aims of this study were to determine the variations in the morphological characters of the cocoa plants and to identify the pests found and the kinship relationships among the cocoa plants. Research conducted at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Kebun Kendenglembu Banyuwangi, East Java. Collecting data by conducting interviews, observation, document-tation, and literature study. Characterization was carried out on the leaves, flowers, fruits and stems of the cocoa plant, as well as observing the symptoms of damage caused by pests to the cocoa plant. The six cocoa clones had different morphological characteristics in fruit length, fruit circumference, thickness of the sclerotic layer, thickness of the inner groove of the fruit, thickness of the outer groove of the fruit, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and stem circumference. The six cocoa clones can be grouped into two groups where the clones in one group are thought to have a close kinship relationship because they are in the same lineage and based on the similarity of the morphological characters of the fruit. The pests found were fruit-sucking ladybugs, caterpillars, mealybugs, squirrels and slugs.

PERUBAHAN WARNA PADA BERCAK DARAH BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN WAKTU SIMPAN DAN LUAS BERCAK DARAH YANG TERBENTUK PADA KAIN DENIM, KATUN, DAN POLYESTER

2025-04-28T05:35:47+00:00

Blood is a thick liquid that is in the blood vessels of the body, which is red because it contains hemoglobin to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. If blood comes out of the body due to sharp or blunt blows, either intentionally or unintentionally, it will end up on your clothes. Clothing is made from fabric composed of fibers, generally in the form of denim, cotton and polyester. This research was conducted to determine the color changes that occur in blood spots based on storage times of 0 days, 15 days and 30 days and to determine the area of blood spots that form on denim, cotton and polyester fabrics. The method used in this research is measuring the diameter and observing the color changes that occur. The research design used in this research was (RAL) a completely randomized design with repetition 3 times. The results of the research showed that there were color changes that occurred from fresh red, dark brown, and light brown. Meanwhile, the area of fabric obtained from denim fabric has the smallest area compared to cotton and polyester fabrics. However, the polyester fabric has black stains around it.