THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS LEVELS AND SLEEP QUALITY

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep quality disturbances are a common issue experienced by many individuals, leading to a decline in overall quality of life. In today’s modern era, stress has emerged as a key contributor to poor sleep quality. Elevated stress levels can adversely affect sleep latency, duration, and efficiency.

Method: This study employed an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. Primary data were gathered through the PSQI questionnaire to measure sleep quality and the DASS-42 questionnaire to assess stress levels. The gathered data were subsequently analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical technique.

Result: The findings revealed a significant correlation between stress levels and sleep quality, as indicated by a Chi-Square test result with a p-value of 0.003.

Discussion: Stress is a frequently overlooked factor contributing to sleep disorders. Under stress, the body experiences elevated levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol, which induce heightened wakefulness and alertness in the central nervous system. These hormonal changes disrupt the Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) and Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep cycles, leading to frequent awakenings at night and the occurrence of nightmares. Stress also activates the SAM and HPA pathways, influencing the production of melatonin, cortisol, ACTH, CRH, and catecholamines, further disrupting sleep patterns.

Conclusion: This study confirms the existence of a relationship between stress levels and sleep quality.