MENEMBUS BATAS ACCESS TO JUTICE: TELAAH EMPIRIS PELAYANAN PRO DEO POSBAKUM PENGADILAN NEGERI GIANYAR

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi penerima bantuan hukum apabila terjadi pelayanan yang tidak profesional serta mengkaji implementasi pemberian bantuan hukum bagi masyarakat tidak mampu di Posbakum Pengadilan Negeri Gianyar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris dengan menggabungkan tiga pendekatan secara bersamaan, yakni pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan sosiologis, dan pendekatan fakta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi penerima bantuan hukum dijamin melalui mekanisme pengaduan administratif kepada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM serta penegakan Kode Etik Advokat Indonesia bagi petugas yang lalai. Implementasi di Posbakum Pengadilan Negeri Gianyar diwujudkan melalui pemberian layanan informasi, konsultasi, advis hukum, dan bantuan pembuatan dokumen secara cuma-cuma, termasuk inovasi SI-FIRAL. Meskipun demikian, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi kendala signifikan berupa keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, rendahnya literasi hukum masyarakat, minimnya anggaran DIPA yang membatasi kuota perkara, serta adanya hambatan persepsional masyarakat yang merasa enggan menggunakan fasilitas pro deo karena stigma status tidak mampu.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to analyze the forms of legal protection for legal aid recipients in the event of unprofessional service and to examine the implementation of legal aid for underprivileged communities at the Legal Aid Post (Posbakum) of the Gianyar District Court. The research method employed is empirical legal research using three approaches: a statute approach, a sociological approach, and a fact approach. The findings indicate that legal protection for legal aid recipients is guaranteed through administrative complaint mechanisms to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights and through the enforcement of the Indonesian Advocate Code of Ethics. Implementation at the Gianyar District Court Posbakum has been realized through the provision of information, consultation, legal advice, and legal document drafting services free of charge, including the SI-FIRAL virtual service innovation. Nevertheless, the implementation still faces significant obstacles such as limited human resources, low public legal literacy, limited DIPA budget for case quotas, and perceptual barriers where individuals are reluctant to use pro deo facilities due to the stigma of underprivileged status.