Pengaruh Rasio Konsentrasi Kitosan dan Na-TPP terhadap Perubahan Karakteristik Mutu Fillet Ikan Kakap Putih selama Penyimpanan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2026.v14.i01.p06Keywords:
edible coating, ikan kakap putih, nanokitosan, umur simpanAbstract
Abstrak
Penurunan mutu fillet ikan kakap putih selama penyimpanan, yang terutama disebabkan oleh aktivitas mikroba, memerlukan penerapan metode pengawetan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Edible Coating nanokitosan dalam mempertahankan mutu dan memperpanjang umur simpan fillet selama 12 hari pada suhu dingin. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi nanokitosan, yaitu B1 (2,5 ml), B2 (5 ml), dan B3 (7,5 ml) dengan pengulangan sebanyak dua kali dan sampel disimpan pada suhu dingin 4℃ . Hasil penelitian terhadap parameter kualitas seperti kadar air, tekstur, pH, total plate count (TPC), dan total volatile base (TVB) menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi nanokitosan berpengaruh signifikan dalam menghambat kerusakan. Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan B3 (7,5) menunjukkan hasil terbaik. Hasil ini ditandai dengan kestabilan kadar air , nilai pH yang lebih rendah, tekstur yang lebih baik, serta penekanan pertumbuhan mikroba yang tercermin dari nilai TPC dan TVB yang lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan fillet tanpa pelapisan (kontrol). Hal ini tserlihat dari parameter akhir pada perlakuan B3, yaitu pH sebesar 6,07, TPC 3,5 × 10⁴ CFU/g, dan TVB-N 22,34 mg/100 g.
Abstract
The decline in the quality of white snapper fillets during storage, which is mainly caused by microbial activity, requires the application of effective preservation methods. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Edible Coating nanokitosan in maintaining quality and extending the shelf life of fillets for 12 days at cold temperatures. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three variations in nanokitosan concentration, namely B1 (2.5 ml), B2 (5 ml), and B3 (7.5 ml) with two replicates, and the samples were stored at a cold temperature of 4℃. The results of the study on quality parameters such as moisture content, texture, pH, total plate count (TPC), and total volatile base (TVB) showed that the application of nanokitosan had a significant effect in inhibiting spoilage. Overall, treatment B3 (7.5) showed the best results. These results were characterized by stable moisture content, lower pH values, better texture, and suppressed microbial growth, as reflected in significantly lower TPC and TVB values compared to uncoated fillets (control). This is evident from the final parameters in treatment B3, namely pH of 6.07, TPC of 3.5 × 10⁴ CFU/g, and TVB-N of 22.34 mg/100 g.
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