TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN HAK WARIS ANAK DOWN SYNDROME

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas tanggung jawab hukum notaris dalam melindungi hak waris anak penyandang down syndrome pada pembuatan akta pengelolaan harta warisan. Permasalahan penelitian berangkat dari belum adanya pengaturan yang secara spesifik mengatur bentuk tanggung jawab notaris terhadap perlindungan kepentingan anak penyandang down syndrome dalam praktik kenotariatan, sehingga menimbulkan kekaburan norma dan perbedaan penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian oleh notaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan analitis. Bahan hukum diperoleh melalui studi dokumen terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, jurnal ilmiah, serta bahan hukum lain yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa notaris tidak hanya bertanggung jawab terhadap aspek formal pembuatan akta autentik, tetapi juga memiliki kewajiban hukum dan profesional untuk memastikan perlindungan hak keperdataan anak penyandang down syndrome dalam pengelolaan harta warisan. Penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian menjadi sangat penting untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan keadaan, dominasi pihak tertentu, maupun tindakan hukum yang berpotensi merugikan hak anak sebagai ahli waris. Kelalaian notaris dalam menjalankan kewajiban tersebut dapat menimbulkan akibat hukum terhadap kekuatan pembuktian akta serta membuka kemungkinan pertanggungjawaban perdata, administratif, dan kode etik profesi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan hukum kenotariatan serta penguatan perlindungan hukum terhadap pihak rentan dalam hubungan hukum kewarisan.

This study examines the legal responsibilities of notaries in protecting the inheritance rights of children with Down’s syndrome when drawing up deeds for the administration of inherited assets. The research problem stems from the absence of specific regulations governing the form of notarial responsibility for protecting the interests of children with Down’s syndrome in notarial practice, which has led to ambiguity in the law and variations in the application of the principle of due care by notaries. This study employs a normative legal research method using a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and an analytical approach. Legal materials were obtained through a documentary study of legislation, legal literature, academic journals, and other relevant legal materials, which were then analysed qualitatively. The research findings indicate that notaries are not only responsible for the formal aspects of drawing up authentic deeds, but also have legal and professional obligations to ensure the protection of the civil rights of children with Down’s syndrome in the administration of inherited assets. The application of the principle of prudence is of paramount importance in preventing the exploitation of circumstances, the domination of certain parties, or legal actions that could potentially infringe upon the rights of the child as an heir. A notary’s negligence in fulfilling these obligations may have legal consequences regarding the probative value of the deed and may give rise to civil, administrative, and professional disciplinary liability. It is hoped that this research will contribute to the development of notarial law and the strengthening of legal protection for vulnerable parties in inheritance law.