TANTANGAN KEAMANAN DAN KENOTARIAAN PENGGUNAAN VIDEO CONFERENCE UNTUK PEMBACAAN DAN PENANDATANGAN AKTA NOTARIS

Abstract

Penggunaan sarana digital tersebut muncul sebagai bentuk adaptasi terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat modern yang menghendaki pelayanan hukum yang lebih cepat, efektif, dan fleksibel tanpa dibatasi oleh jarak maupun lokasi para pihak. Akan tetapi, penggunaan video conference dalam praktik kenotariatan masih menimbulkan berbagai persoalan yuridis karena hukum positif Indonesia belum mengatur secara tegas mengenai keabsahan pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta autentik melalui media elektronik. Selain persoalan mengenai legalitas prosedur, penggunaan video conference juga menghadirkan tantangan serius dalam aspek keamanan digital, terutama berkaitan dengan perlindungan data, verifikasi identitas para penghadap, kerahasiaan akta, serta ancaman manipulasi dokumen elektronik yang dapat memengaruhi kekuatan pembuktian akta autentik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan penggunaan video conference dalam proses pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta notaris berdasarkan hukum kenotariatan di Indonesia, mengkaji tantangan keamanan digital yang timbul dalam praktik cyber notary, serta merumuskan konsep pengaturan hukum yang ideal terhadap penggunaan video conference dalam praktik kenotariatan di era digital. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan analitis. Bahan hukum diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, jurnal ilmiah, dan berbagai sumber hukum lain yang relevan dengan objek penelitian. Analisis bahan hukum dilakukan secara kualitatif melalui penafsiran hukum dan pengkajian terhadap sinkronisasi norma hukum yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan media elektronik dalam praktik kenotariatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan video conference dalam pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta notaris masih menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum karena Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris belum memberikan pengaturan yang jelas mengenai keabsahan kehadiran elektronik para pihak dalam proses pembentukan akta autentik.

The use of such digital tools has emerged as a means of adapting to the needs of modern society, which demands faster, more effective and flexible legal services, unhindered by the distance or location of the parties involved. However, the use of video conferencing in notarial practice still raises various legal issues, as Indonesian positive law has not yet explicitly regulated the validity of the reading and signing of authentic deeds via electronic media. In addition to issues regarding the legality of the procedure, the use of video conferencing also presents serious challenges in terms of digital security, particularly concerning data protection, the verification of the parties’ identities, the confidentiality of deeds, and the threat of manipulation of electronic documents, which could affect the evidential value of authentic deeds. This study aims to analyse the validity of the use of video conferencing in the process of reading and signing notarial deeds under Indonesian notarial law, to examine the digital security challenges arising in cyber notary practice, and to formulate an ideal legal framework for the use of video conferencing in notarial practice in the digital age. The type of research employed is normative legal research using a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and an analytical approach. Legal materials were obtained through a literature review of legislation, legal literature, academic journals, and various other legal sources relevant to the research subject. The analysis of legal materials was conducted qualitatively through legal interpretation and an examination of the alignment of legal norms relating to the use of electronic media in notarial practice. The research results indicate that the use of video conferencing in the reading and signing of notarial deeds still gives rise to legal uncertainty, as the Notary Public Act has not yet provided clear provisions regarding the validity of the electronic presence of the parties in the process of drawing up authentic deeds.