DISKURSUS HUKUM ATAS KELAYAKAN ASAS PRIMUM REMEDIUM PADA PERKARA TAWURAN REMAJA PERSPEKTIF SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK

Abstract

Tawuran remaja yang mengakibatkan luka berat menimbulkan dilema hukum karena Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA) mengutamakan asas primum remedium, yaitu menghindari pemidanaan dan memprioritaskan penyelesaian melalui keadilan restoratif. Penelitian yuridis normatif ini menganalisis penerapan asas tersebut dalam penanganan kasus kekerasan remaja yang berimplikasi serius bagi korban, sekaligus mengkaji kebijakan hukum yang mengadopsi prinsip primum remedium dari perspektif SPPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang SPPA telah menyediakan mekanisme diversi dan sanksi pembinaan, implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala berupa kekosongan aturan pelaksana, ketidakkonsistenan aparat penegak hukum, serta perbedaan penafsiran atas batasan kasus yang dapat didiversi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penerapan asas primum remedium dalam kasus yang menyebabkan luka berat serta menawarkan penguatan regulasi agar proses penanganan tetap berorientasi pada perlindungan anak, namun tetap memberikan keadilan yang proporsional bagi korban dan masyarakat.

Juvenile brawls resulting in serious injuries pose a legal dilemma because the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (JCCS) prioritizes the principle of primum remedium, which avoids criminalization and prioritizes resolution through restorative justice. This normative juridical research analyzes the application of this principle in handling juvenile violence cases that have serious implications for victims, while also examining legal policies that adopt the principle of primum remedium from the perspective of the JCCS. The results show that although Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning JCCS provides a diversion mechanism and remedial sanctions, its implementation still faces obstacles in the form of a lack of implementing regulations, inconsistency among law enforcement officials, and differences in interpretation of the limits of cases that can be diverted. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the primum remedium principle in cases resulting in serious injuries and to propose regulatory strengthening so that the handling process remains oriented towards child protection while still providing proportional justice for victims and the community.