MENAKAR BATAS PIDANA DAN PERDATA: KRIMINALISASI PENJUALAN OBJEK TANAH DALAM STATUS SEWA MENYEWA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/KS.2026.v14.i09.p10Keywords:
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana, Keterangan Palsu, Akta Otentik, Ratio DecidendiAbstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis ratio decidendi hakim dalam menetapkan unsur "menyuruh menempatkan keterangan palsu" serta pertanggungjawaban pidana penjual dalam Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Palangkaraya Nomor 229/Pid/2023/PT PLK. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ratio decidendi hakim didasarkan pada fakta bahwa klausa "bebas sengketa dan beban hak" bukan sekadar formalitas administratif melainkan informasi esensial dengan konsekuensi hukum materiil. Penjual diposisikan sebagai orang yang menyuruh memasukkan keterangan palsu karena Notaris/PPAT bersifat pasif. Pertanggungjawaban pidana dijatuhkan karena terdakwa memenuhi unsur subjektif (kesengajaan) dan objektif (perbuatan melawan hukum) serta tidak ada alasan pemaaf.
This research analyzes the judge's ratio decidendi in establishing the element of "ordering the insertion of false information" as well as the criminal liability of the seller in the Palangkaraya High Court Decision Number 229/Pid/2023/PT PLK. The method employed is normative juridical research, utilizing a case study approach and a statutory approach. The findings reveal that the judge's ratio decidendi is predicated on the fact that the clause "free from disputes and encumbrances" constitutes not merely an administrative formality, but rather essential information carrying material legal consequences. The seller is positioned as the party who ordered the insertion of false information, given that the Notary/Land Deed Official (PPAT) acted passively. Criminal liability is imposed because the defendant satisfied both the subjective element (mens rea, specifically intent) and the objective element (actus reus, specifically an unlawful act), while no excusing reasons (schulduitsluitingsgronden) were present.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dendra Alexandrio, Karlinae D bangas, Putri Fransiska Purnama Pratiwi

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