DARI LEGAL STANDING KE JUDICIAL FILTERING: PENERAPAN TEORI KEPENTINGAN DALAM SENGKETA PEMBATALAN SERTIFIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH DI PTUN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/KS.2026.v14.i03.p08Keywords:
Legal Standing, Sengketa Pembatalan, Sertifikat Hak atas Tanah, Filter YudisialAbstract
Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) berfungsi melindungi hak warga dari tindakan pemerintah yang merugikan. Salah satu syarat formil utama gugatan di PTUN adalah adanya kepentingan hukum pada pihak penggugat sesuai teori kepentingan. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan teori kepentingan dalam sengketa pembatalan Sertifikat Hak Atas Tanah di PTUN Bandar Lampung (Putusan No. 10/G/2025/PTUN.BL). Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi putusan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Hakim menerapkan teori kepentingan secara formalistik dengan menafsirkan legal standing penggugat harus bersifat langsung, nyata, dan personal. Penggugat yang mendasarkan haknya pada penguasaan tanah turun-temurun dengan alas hak lama dinilai tidak memiliki kepentingan hukum karena hak tersebut tidak terdaftar dalam sistem pertanahan nasional. Akibatnya, gugatan dinyatakan tidak dapat diterima tanpa pemeriksaan pokok perkara. Temuan ini menggambarkan teori kepentingan berfungsi sebagai filter yudisial yang memperkuat kepastian hukum administrasi, namun berpotensi membatasi akses keadilan substantif bagi pihak dengan klaim historis atas tanah.
ABSTRACT
The State Administrative Court (PTUN) functions to protect citizens' rights from detrimental government actions. One of the main formal requirements for a lawsuit at the PTUN is the existence of a legal interest on the part of the plaintiff according to the theory of interest. This study analyzes the application of the theory of interest in the dispute over the cancellation of Land Title Certificates at the Bandar Lampung PTUN (Decision No. 10/G/2025/PTUN.BL). The method used is normative juridical with a statutory, conceptual, and decision study approach. The results of the study indicate that the Panel of Judges applied the theory of interest formally by interpreting the plaintiff's legal standing as having to be direct, real, and personal. The plaintiff who based his rights on hereditary land ownership based on old rights was deemed to have no legal interest because the rights were not registered in the national land system. Consequently, the lawsuit was declared inadmissible without an examination of the main case. These findings illustrate that the theory of interest functions as a judicial filter that strengthens the certainty of administrative law, but has the potential to limit access to substantive justice for parties with historical claims to land.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rifandy Ritonga, Gusman Balkhan, Aulia Oktarizka Vivi Puspta Sari A.P

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